The transitional nature of the biota has resulted in the presence of many mammals from Asia and several reptiles and birds from the Australasian bio-region. Compared with the rich marine life the terrestrial fauna is small. The Park is best known for the Komodo monitor Varanus komodoensis (VU), the world’s largest lizard, which can grow to 3m long. The population on Komodo island, was estimated in 2001 by a team from the Zoological Society of San Diego, at 2259 individuals. An earlier estimate of about 5.700 was said to be distributed over the islands of Komodo (2,900), Rinca (900), Gili Motong (<100) and in coastal regions of western and northern Flores.The species was last seen on Padar in 1975 (Kvalvagnaes & Halim,1979). Its favoured habitat is tropical deciduous forest, and, to a lesser extent, open savannah. It is carnivorous, eating occasional large meals when it eats all of its prey, and is well adapted to living without water (Auffenburg, 1981). The rest of the herpetofauna is rich, with 12 land snakes including the common cobra Naja naja sputatrix in disturbed land, Russel’s pit viper Vipera russelli and green tree viper Trimeresurus albolabris, 9 species of skink Scincidae, geckoes Gekkonidae, limbless lizards Dibamidae and monitor lizards. There are several amphibian species in the cloud forest: Sphenomorphus schlegeli, S. striolatus and the frog Oreophryne jeffersoniana. Savannah species include Emoia similis, and Asian bullfrog Kaloula baleata. Tropical deciduous forest supports reptiles such as Sphenomorphus florensis, Trimeresurus albolabris, Dendrelaphis pictus and Lycodon aulicus. (Auffenburg, 1980). Continue reading
Komodo Island
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